Gastrointestinal
Radiology
Differential Diagnoses
Reference and photos:
Clinical Imaging, An Atlas of Differential Diagnosis, 2
nd
edition Eisenberg, RL
Submitted by Susan Summerton, MD
Submitted by Susan Summerton, MD
How This Works
•
Each
differential
starts with a
photo of the
findings
How This Works
•
With the next
advance, a
blue
clue
will appear
in the lower
right-hand
corner to give a
general idea of
the differential
being asked
How This Works
•
The next slide
gives the title of
the differential
and the number
of items on the
list
How This Works
•
The last slide
in each set
gives the
differential
Start
Start
Clue: Particular
type and number
of such lesions in
esophagus
Multiple Esophageal Ulcers
1.
2.
3.
4.
Multiple Esophageal Ulcers
1.
Reflux
2.
Infectious
a.
HSV, Candida
3.
Drug induced
4.
Barrett’s
Clue: Particular
type and number
of such lesions in
esophagus
Solitary Esophageal Ulcer
1.
2.
Solitary Esophageal Ulcer
1.
HIV
2.
CMV
Clue: Particular
type of lesion and
its location
Distal Esophageal Stricture
1.
2.
3.
4.
Distal Esophageal Stricture
1.
Peptic strictures
2.
Barrett’s
3.
Carcinoma
a.
Gastric,esophageal
4.
Achalasia
Clue: Particular
type of lesion and
its location
Mid-esophageal stricture
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mid-esophageal stricture
1.
Barrett’s
2.
Radiation
3.
Ingestion of corrosives
4.
Metastases to mediastinum
Clue: Particular
type of lesion
Esophageal Mucosal Nodularity
1.
2.
3.
4.
Esophageal Mucosal Nodularity
1.
Reflux
2.
Candida
3.
Glycogenic Acanthosis
4.
Barrett’s
Clue: Length of
the lesion and its
location
Long esophageal stricture
1.
2.
3.
Long esophageal stricture
1.
Lye
2.
NG Tube (prolonged use)
3.
Radiation
Clue: Nature and
location of folds
Thickened esophageal folds
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
Varices
2.
Varicoid carcinoma
3.
Reflux esophagitis
4.
Lymphoma
Thickened esophageal folds
Clue: Location
and number of
lesions
Solitary esophageal mass
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Solitary esophageal mass
1.
Leiomyoma
2.
Fibrovascular polyp
3.
Inflammatory esophagogastric polyp
4.
Papilloma
5.
Carcinoma
Clue: Type of
lesion
Gastric ulcers, no mass
1.
2.
3.
4.
Gastric ulcers, no mass
Causes
1.
H. Pylori
2.
Aspirin
3.
Crohn’s
4.
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Clue: Type of
lesion
Target lesions in GI tract
1.
2.
3.
Target lesions in GI tract
1.
Hematogenous metastases
a.
Breast, lung
2.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
3.
Melanoma
Clue: Nature of
lesion in this
organ
Thickened Gastric Folds
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
Gastritis
a.
Hypertrophic, H. Pylori
2.
Menetrier’s disease
3.
Zollinger Ellison syndrome
4.
Varices
5.
Lymphoma
Thickened Gastric Folds
Clue: Nature of
lesion in this
organ
Gastric Non-distensibility
1.
2.
3.
4.
Gastric Non-distensibility
1.
Carcinoma
a.
Primary, metastatic
2.
Lymphoma
3.
Atrophic gastritis
4.
Scarring from PUD
Linitis Plastica of the Stomach
Differential Diagnosis
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Linitis Plastica
1.
P
ancreatic tumor
2.
L
ymphoma
3.
A
myloid
4.
S
arcoid/Syphilis
5.
T
B
6.
I
ngested Corrosives
7.
CA
of stomach
Mnemonic spells PLASTICA
One hour after start of UGI
Clue: Nature of
lesion in this
organ
Gastric outlet obstruction
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Gastric outlet obstruction
1.
Peptic ulcer disease
a.
Acute or chronic
2.
Carcinoma
a.
Primary, Metastatic (pancreatic)
3.
Gastric volvulus
4.
Antral diaphragm/web
5.
Pyloric stenosis in children
Clue: Nature of
lesion in this
organ
Gastric dilatation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Gastric dilatation
1.
Diabetes
2.
Electrolyte/acid-base imbalance
3.
Neuromuscular disorder
4.
Abdominal surgery
5.
Abdominal trauma
Clue: Nature of
lesion in this
organ
Widening of retrogastric space
1.
2.
3.
4.
Widening of retrogastric space
1.
Pancreatic mass
2.
Retroperitoneal mass
3.
Exophytic posterior wall gastric tumor
4.
Aortic aneurysm
Clue: Type of
lesion arrows are
pointing to in this
location
Antral Pad Sign
1.
2.
3.
Antral Pad Sign
1.
Pancreatic cancer
2.
Pancreatic pseudocyst
3.
Gallbladder (normal or distended)
Clue: Extent of
lesion
Diseases that cross the pylorus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
Lymphoma
2.
Carcinoma
3.
Crohn’s Disease
4.
Peptic ulcer disease
5.
TB
6.
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis
Diseases that cross the pylorus
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Multiple Duodenal Filling Defects
1.
2.
3.
Multiple Duodenal Filling Defects
1.
Brunner’s gland hyperplasia
2.
Polyps
1.
Adenomatous, hyperplastic
3.
Lymphoma
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Thickened Duodenal Folds
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Thickened Duodenal Folds
1.
Duodenitis
2.
Chronic Renal Failure
3.
Pancreatitis
4.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
5.
Varices
6.
Lymphoma
Clue: type of
lesion
Duodenal-Biliary fistula
1.
2.
3.
4.
Duodenal-Biliary fistula
1.
Prior sphincterotomy
2.
Cholecystitis
3.
Gallbladder carcinoma
4.
Duodenal carcinoma
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Duodenal Obstruction
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Duodenal Obstruction
1.
Congenital duodenal atresia/stenosis
2.
Annular pancreas
3.
Midgut volvulus
4.
Carcinoma
5.
SMA syndrome
6.
Intramural hematoma
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Widening of duodenal sweep
1.
2.
3.
4.
Widening of duodenal sweep
1.
Pancreatic Disease
a.
Pancreatitis, pseudocyst, tumor
2.
Lymphadenopathy
3.
Aortic Aneurysm
4.
Choledochal cyst
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Dilated small bowel
No fold thickening
1.
2.
3.
Dilated small bowel
No fold thickening
1.
Scleroderma
2.
Sprue
3.
Small Bowel Obstruction
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Multiple small bowel masses
1.
2.
3.
Multiple small bowel masses
1.
Polyposis (Peutz-Jeghers)
2.
Lymphoma
3.
Metastases
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Separation of small bowel loops
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Separation of small bowel loops
1.
Thickening of bowel wall
2.
Carcinoid
3.
Crohn’s Disease
4.
Ascites
5.
Peritoneal metastases
6.
Retractile mesenteritis
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Multiple Colonic Filling Defects
1.
2.
3.
4.
Multiple Colonic Filling Defects
1.
Polyps (polyposis)
2.
Pseudopolyps (UC)
3.
Lymphoma
4.
Cystic Pneumatosis
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Smooth Colonic Stricture
1.
2.
3.
4.
Smooth Colonic Stricture
1.
Ulcerative Colitis
2.
Crohn’s Disease
3.
Radiation
4.
Ischemia
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Ileocecal disease
1.
2.
3.
4.
Ileocecal Disease
1.
Crohn’s Disease
2.
Lymphoma
3.
TB
4.
Cancer
(colon adenocarcinoma, carcinoid)
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Coned Cecum
1.
2.
3.
Coned Cecum
1.
Amebiasis
2.
Crohn’s Disease
3.
TB
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Cecal Filling defect
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Cecal Filling defect
1.
Appendicitis/Mucocele
2.
Crohn’s Disease
3.
Cecal neoplasm
4.
Ileocolic intussusception
5.
Lymphoma
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Double tracking of Colon
1.
2.
3.
Double tracking of Colon
1.
Crohn’s Disease
2.
Diverticulitis
3.
Adenocarcinoma
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Colon Thumbprinting
1.
2.
3.
4.
Colon Thumbprinting
1.
Ulcerative Colitis
2.
Ischemia
3.
Hemorrhage
4.
Lymphoma
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Smooth Colon
1.
2.
3.
4.
Smooth Colon
1.
Ulcerative colitis
2.
Cathartic Colon
3.
Post ischemic
4.
Post radiation
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Widened Presacral space
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Widened Presacral space
1.
Ulcerative colitis
2.
Pelvic lipomatosis
3.
Crohn’s Disease
4.
Rectal tumor
5.
Sacral tumor
Clue: type of
lesion in this
organ
Rectal Narrowing
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Rectal Narrowing
1.
Ulcerative Colitis
2.
Pelvic Lipomatosis
3.
Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV)
4.
Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome
5.
Radiation
The End