Other First TrimesterIssues
Retained products ofconception
Gestational trophoblasticneoplasia
Puerperal infections
Uterine and adnexal masses
S/P therapeutic abortion one weekearlier with persistent bleeding
Retainedproducts ofconception
sag uterus-w doppler-3
sag uterus-1
sag uterus-w color-2
Retained Products of Conception
Retained Products ofConception
Very few large studies, small amountsmay be clinically insignificant
Focal echogenic mass most usefulfinding
Unlikely with thin endometrium (8-10mm)
Focal low resistance flow ischaracterisitic, but may be absent withnecrotic placenta
Patient with history of 3 months gestation,now with heavy bleeding, passing tissue
Spontaneous abortionwith clots and blood invagina and small focusretained products ofconception
Definitive 7 week IUP, patientwent for therapeutic abortion
Trv
Sag right
Sag left
3 days after abortion withnew, heavy bleeding, giveshistory of uterine anomaly
Sag R
SagL
Completed abortion right horn ofbicornuate uterus with bleeding due toshedding of decidua in smaller left horn
Gestational TrophoblasticDisease
Abnormal proliferation of pregnancyassociated trophoblastic disease withmalignant potential
Hydatidiform Mole: benign
Invasive Mole and Choriocarcinoma-malignant
Placental site trophoblastic tumor is rareform of GTD often with normal or lowHCG
Dwyer-1
Dwyer-2
Atypical molar pregnancy- appearancesimilar to incomplete abortion
P1010034
P1010031
P1010032
First trimester molar pregnancy
trv color
sag TA
HCG 181,000
Molar Pregnancy
color
sag
14 weeks by dates, bleeding
Retained placenta, residual sac
Walls-2 RPOC
Walls-1 RPOC hydropic swelling of decidua
Retained sac and hydropic placenta
Bleeding HCG 956
Pregnant with bleeding
Molar Pregnancy
1st trimester mole-1
1st trimester mole theca cysts-4
1st trimester mole theca
Second trimester molar pregnancywith bilateral theca lutein cysts
Hydatidiform Mole
Most common form of gestationaltrophoblastic disease 1/1000- 1/2000pregnancies, most frequently in teens and 40s
First trimester appearance variable: sac-likecollection, complex echogenic mass, thickendometrium
Only 50% correctly diagnosed prospectivelycompared to 100% of 2nd trimester molarpregnancies
Lazarus, JUM 1997
Hydatidiform Mole
Two forms: complete and partial
Complete Mole
46XX, all from sperm, fertilization of single egg with lostchromosomes, embryo dies very early
Hydropic degeneration and absence of vessels in swollenvilli
Theca lutein cysts 2° overstimulation of lutein elements byelevated HCG
Partial Mole
Usually 69XXY, due to fertilization of one egg by two sperm
Embryo lives for several weeks
Lazarus, JUM 1997
P1010046
P1010044
P1010045
History molar pregnancy with rising HCG
P1010048
P1010047
Invasive Mole
Gestational TrophoblasticTumor
Invasive Mole: persistent trophoblasticproliferation with penetration intomyometrium and other local tissues,metastases are rare
50% after hydatidiform mole
25% after abortion
25% after normal or ectopic pregnancy
Choriocarcinoma: absence of villous pattern,early metastases with 75% to lungs, alsovagina, brain, liver, kidneys, ovaries, bowel
Green etal. Radiographics 1996; 16:1371
CRL
head
nuc lucency
Diffuse Lymphedema, XO
3
1
2
Diffuse Lymphedema, XO
3
1
2
Uterine Synechiae
Negative cardiac activity
CRL
sag 1
8 week IUP with IUD in cervix
TV 2
TA
TV 1
Passing clots
Inevitable AB- dilated cervixcontaining gestational sac
1
cor
31 week pregnancy, recurrent L sided pain,normal US @ 8 weeks
Normal pregnancy, intermittent torsionleft cystic teratoma
no fluid
HC
M-mode
Oligohydramnios
Secondary to ruptured membranes
Postpartum Complications
Infections
Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis
Parametrial phlegmon
Pelvic abscess
Uterine dehiscence
Retained placenta
Hematoma: bladder flap hematomas inlower anterior uterine segment, region> 2-3 cm
Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation
Brown U Quarterly 2005; 21:27
Normal postpartum uterus
Uterus decreases to non-gravidsize by 6-8 weeks postpartum
Transabdominal imaging oftenquite adequate, especially inimmediate post partum period
Endometrium: fluid, clots, smallfoci of air for few weeks, overlapswith appearance of endometritis
3 w color
2
Fever and bleeding one week after delivery
Clot in uterus, clinicaldiagnosis of endometritis
sag 1
sag
Fever after C-section
Infected hematomain C-section scar
sag 4-10 infected hematoma
4-22 sag abscess
4-22 ax abscess, path w necrotic placenta, infection
trv 4-10 infected hematoma
Fever after C-section
Infected C-section hematoma
RPOC, hx accreta
abscess
Hx placenta accreta, fever
Abscess and RPOC
P1010014
P1010011
P1010012
P1010013
Fever after delivery
P1010018
P1010015
P1010016
P1010017
Right ovarian vein thrombosisand right pyelonephritis
cor ROV thrombosis
cor appy
Rt ov w vein thrombosis, appy
RLQ pain, 9w IUP
R ovarian vein thrombosis, normal appendix
bilat thrombosed veins, CT 2
bilat thrombosed veins, CT
Fever after delivery
thrombosed R vein US
sag ROV
large ROV, thrombosed veins
Diffuse, septic pelvicthrombophlebitis
P1010006
P1010010
P1010008
P1010009
Fever, several days after C-section
Endometritis and Myometritis-clostridium
sag
2
1
sag L
Fever and pain, vaginal deliverywith manual extraction of placenta
Uterine Dehiscence
91
87
89
Uterine AVM
Case compliments of Dr. Jill Langer, U of P
105
12 wk-1 IUP arm
Bye-bye